The End of Traditional Sailing: How 400,000 Filipino Seafarers Must Adapt to Survive the Autonomous Ship Revolution
Chief Engineer Ramon Valdez stared at the termination notice in disbelief after 22 years sailing with Maersk. It wasn’t poor performance or company downsizing that ended his career—it was a software update. The new engine management system eliminated the need for human monitoring, reducing the engineering crew from eight to three. His decades of experience









